4. The Four Paths
4. 四條道路
There are four paths by which man can attain to his highest goal.
人可以透過四條道路，達到自己最高的目標。
The Intellectual
才智之道
One is for the intellectual, the intelligent. By studying himself and the world, by understanding what he is, whence he has come and where he will ultimately go, man attains to perfection.
其中一條是給善思考的聰明才智之人走的。透過研究自己與世界，理解自己是什麼、從何而來、終將往何處去，人便能達到圓滿。
Abstinence
克己之道
The second path is the way of abstinence. Those who follow this way detach themselves from all things in life; they renounce all the pleasures and comforts of life. They have no friendship, no attachment for anyone; they withstand all natural tendencies and inclinations. Those who have been in India may have seen some followers of this path, sometimes among the crowd, their body covered with ashes, sometimes in the solitude remote from all: by this their psychic power becomes very great.
第二條道路是克己之道。走這條路的人，使自己與生命中的一切事物分離；他們捨棄人生的一切享樂與舒適。他們不結交友誼，也不對任何人產生依附；他們抵抗一切自然的傾向與欲望。去過印度的人，或許見過這條路的修行者：有時在群眾之中，身上覆著灰；有時遠離一切、獨居於荒寂之地：藉由如此，他們的心靈力量便變得非常強大。
Righteousness in the World
在世間的正直之道
The third way is that of those who live the life of the world and by their righteousness, by their piety become as a saint, a sage.
第三條道路屬於那些過著世間生活的人；他們以自己的正直與虔敬，成為聖者、智者。
Devotion
奉獻之道
The fourth way is the path of love, of devotion. The whole universe has been made through love. The intelligence itself in the next step towards evolution has become love. It is love that has directed the Intelligence; if not, the Intelligence would be spread all over, not directed in any direction in particular. All that is done in the world is done by love. One could not study the flower on the mantelpiece if love did not direct the intelligence towards the flower, to admire it and to know what it is. Therefore the mystics have understood that this power of love that has brought all into manifestation must be able to lead back from the seen world to the unseen.
第四條道路是愛之道、奉獻之道。整個宇宙都是由愛而被創造出的。智性聰慧本身在邁向演化的下一步時，也成為了愛。是愛引導了智性；若非如此，智性將四散漫布，並不會朝向任何特定方向。世上所做的一切，都是由愛而做。若愛不把智慧引向壁爐架上的花，去讚賞它、去認識它是什麼，人便不可能研究那朵花。因此，祕士明白：那使一切能夠顯化於世的「愛」之力量，也必能引領人從可見世界回到不可見世界。
Love is the sign of intelligence. Where there is no intelligence there is no love. Rocks have no intelligence and there is no love in them. Plants and trees have awakened to life and show some attachment. If we have a plant and care for it, it will respond to our care and flourish. Animals have more intelligence and show much affection and attachment. Pet animals in the house grow to have much affection and sympathy for their master; they are happy in his joy and become sad in his sorrow. Horses too show much affection. It is told that the horse of an Arab who had been wounded in battle stayed beside him for three days and nights, until his comrades came and rescued him. Man has the most intelligence, and he has the most love in his nature.
愛是智性的徵兆。沒有智性之處，就沒有愛。岩石沒有智性，其中也沒有愛。植物與樹木已甦醒於生命，並展現出一些依戀。若我們養一株植物並照料它，它會回應我們的照料而繁茂生長。動物有更多智慧，也展現許多情感與依戀。家中的寵物會逐漸對主人生出許多愛與同理心；主人喜悅時牠們也歡喜，主人憂傷時牠們也哀傷。馬也展現出許多情感與愛。據說有一位阿拉伯人在戰場受傷後，他的馬在他身旁守了三天三夜，直到同伴前來救他。人具有最多的智性，而他的本性之中也具有最多的愛。
Someone may say, “But animals are cruel also.” So is man. Is man not far more cruel than the animals?
有人也許會說：「但動物也很殘忍。」人也是如此。人難道不是比動物殘忍得多嗎？
There are three sorts of mystics: Yogis, Buddhists and Sufis, and most of these have chosen the path of devotion, because it has beauty and gives a satisfaction that nothing else can give. Sufis may take the way of renunciation, the way of wisdom, but most of them have especially chosen this path of devotion.
祕士大致有三類：瑜伽士、佛教徒、蘇菲祕士，而其中多數選擇了奉獻之道，因為這條路有其美，並帶來其他任何事物都給不了的滿足。蘇菲祕士也可能走捨棄之道、智慧之道，但多數人特別選擇了這條奉獻的道路。
Devotion is like fire, it has a magnetism, a warmth like fire. When the atmosphere is so cold that our body is chilled, we like to turn to the fire and draw near to it. In this cold world where nothing but cold and selfish hearts are all about us, each person caring only for himself, where there is a heart that has love in it, it has such a warmth, such a radiance that all are drawn to it, all want to be near it.
奉獻像火；它具有磁鐵般的磁力，也有火一般的溫暖。當天氣冷到使我們身體發寒時，我們會想轉向火、靠近火。在這個冰冷的世界裡，四周盡是冷漠而自私的心，每個人只顧自己；若有一顆心裡有愛，它就有那樣的溫暖、那樣的光輝，使眾人都被吸引，都想靠近它。
He who works through the intellect may have a little intellectual attraction satisfying the desire of the mind for a little explanation of things. I have traveled for eight years all over India and have been in remote and inaccessible places where there was danger of robbers. I traveled to see the sages and mystics, and I have seen what charm had the atmosphere of those who were devotees, what fragrance had their presence.
以聰明才智用功的人，或許也有一點智性上的吸引力，能滿足頭腦對於事物得到些許解釋的渴望。我曾在印度各地旅行八年，也曾到過偏遠難以抵達、且有盜匪危險的地方。我旅行是為了拜訪智者與祕士，而我也看見，那些奉獻者的氛圍有何等魅力，他們的臨在帶著何等芬芳。
We all know love to some small extent. There are many who have begun to love and then say, “I loved someone, but the one I loved did not prove to be my ideal.” They are disappointed, they cast love aside and by doing so they cast aside the only thing that could lead them towards God, they break off the bridge that could unite them with God. Love is the only thing that takes away the selfishness which is the only barrier between man and God.
我們都在某種小小的程度上懂得愛。許多人開始去愛，然後卻說：「我愛過某人，但我所愛的人並沒有達到我的理想。」他們因此失望，把愛丟在一旁；而他們這麼做，也就丟掉了唯一能引領他們走向神的事物——他們折斷了那座能使自己與神合一的橋。只有愛能除去自私；而自私正是人與神之間唯一的障礙。
Love alone illuminates the heart. The heart is in the center of the being. When it is illumined the whole being becomes light; when it is dark the whole being is in darkness. The soul has its light, because the soul is light, but it cannot give its light to the external being if the heart that is between them is darkened, nor can the body give its experiences to the soul.
唯有愛能照亮心。心位於整個存在的中心。一旦心被照亮，整個存在便成為光；而若心晦暗，整個存在便落入黑暗。靈魂有其光，因為靈魂本就是光；但若介於其間的心被遮蔽，靈魂就無法把光向外給其之外的存在；同樣地，身體也無法把自己的經驗傳達給靈魂。
Then there are disappointed people who say, “There is nothing on earth worth loving.” Of course it is true because the soul which is from God is perfect as He is perfect and seeks perfection. Man does not wish to prove himself perfect, but he seeks perfection in another. That perfection is only in God, the Unlimited, but man seeks it in the human being, in the limited being full of faults and imperfections.
接著，有些失望的人會說：「世上沒有任何事物值得去愛。」這當然是真的，因為從神而來的靈魂如同神一般圓滿，並且追求圓滿。人們並不想證明自身已然是圓滿的，卻在他人身上尋找圓滿。而那份圓滿只在神、在那無限者之中；但人們卻在人的身上——在那充滿缺點與不完美的有限者之中——去尋找它。
Now you may ask, “How can we love God whom we do not see, whom we have never known?” You cannot love God only because it has been said in ancient times that there is a God and that we should love Him, or because it is written in a book. If someone says that you should love God because he is the Creator, you cannot praise Him as Creator; for we have always seen that the piano is created by the piano manufacturer and Pears” soap is created by Mr. Pears, and we know that the carpenter creates the chair and the table.
此刻你也許會問：「我們怎能愛那看不見、也從未認識過的神呢？」你不可能只因古人說過有神、我們應當愛祂，或只因書上寫著，就去愛神。若有人說你應當愛神，因為祂是造物主，你也無法以「造物主」之名讚美祂；因為我們一向看見：鋼琴是由鋼琴製造商製造的，皮爾司牌的肥皂是由皮爾司先生製造的，而我們也知道木匠製作椅子與桌子。
A person once said to me, “I have a horror of the idea of God. When I think that God may suddenly seize me and call me to account for everything I have done, I have a horror. I have quite enough to interest me here. I do not want to think of God.” I was rather amused and I could not blame him. The mistake is that the ideal of God is given before idealism is developed.
曾有人對我說：「我對『神』這個觀念感到恐懼。當我想到神可能忽然抓住我，要求我為所做的一切交代，我就覺得恐懼。我在這裡已經有夠多讓我投入的事了。我不想去想神。」我倒覺得有些好笑而無法責怪他。那個錯誤在於，在他尚未發展出理想主義之前，就先把『神的理想』給了他。
A child wishes to give its doll a piano, a chair, a table, all kinds of things, and so much ado is made about the doll. When the child has grown up it has perhaps forgotten the doll. If the child has accomplished anything by this, if it has achieved anything in life, it is that idealism has been learned.
孩子會想給他的洋娃娃一架鋼琴、一張椅子、一張桌子，各式各樣的東西，並且忙碌著各種跟娃娃有關的事物。等孩子長大了，也許就把娃娃忘了。若孩子因此而成就了什麼、在生命中因此而得到什麼，那就是他學會了理想主義。
One should have the ideal of devotion which one admires, to which one aspires, which appeals to one’s own degree of evolution. If a person wishes to raise himself, to be powerful in the world, he should think of President Wilson who has raised himself from the position of a doctor to be President of the United States. If he wishes to be great in politics he should think of the Prime Minister who has raised himself from his small position to be Prime Minister.
人應當有一個為之奉獻的理想：一個自己所敬仰、嚮往、並且契合自身演化程度的理想。若一個人想提升自己、想成為這世間有力量的人，他可以想想威爾遜總統——他從醫生的身分提升自己，成為美國總統。若他想在政治上成就偉大，他可以想想那位首相——他從卑微的位置提升自己，成為首相。
We cannot love God in heaven if we do not love man on earth. Christ taught first love of our fellow-man. Enemies apart, to love our fellow-man is the first thing necessary. Those who take this way have devotion and love for the Murshid, or they may love a teacher, or a hero, a saint, a prophet, and that love must be kept.
若我們不愛地上的人，就不可能愛天上的神。基督首先教導的，是愛我們的同胞。暫且不論仇敵，愛同胞是第一件必要之事。走這條路的人，對導師懷有奉獻與愛；或他們也可能愛一位老師、或一位英雄、聖者、先知，而那份愛必須被持守著。
If you say, “I have love for Buddha, but he did not believe in the soul and I do not like that, and he did this and that,” such is not love or devotion. Keep the devotion for the ideal, with his disbelief in the soul and all! From this man rises to the degree of fana-fi-Rasul, devotion for the unseen ideal, for the holiness, the goodness, the kindness of the being whom he has not seen. It is your idealization which produces in you the ideal. Buddha’s body is lost in the earth long ago. You have made the Buddha.
如果你說：「我愛佛陀，可是他不相信靈魂，我不喜歡這點；而且他又做了這個、做了那個。」那就不是愛，亦非奉獻。把奉獻留給那個理想，連同他的不相信靈魂、以及一切！藉由此，人上升到 fana-fi-Rasul 的層次：對不可見的理想、對那位自己未曾見過之存有的聖潔、良善與慈愛，生起奉獻。是你的理想化，在你之中生成了那個理想。佛陀的身體早已湮沒於大地之中；是你造就了佛陀。
But all this is idolatry as long as there is not the ideal of God. As long as there is devotion for the limited ideal there is idolatry and as long as man has not broken away from idolatry to the unlimited ideal, he has not reached his highest goal. The ideal has attracted, has drawn out your love by his holiness, his goodness, his saintliness, but then love itself springs forth and is for the Unlimited. Then a person will not say, “I have seen injustice in God, I have seen unkindness in God.” He sees and loves Him with His kindness and unkindness, His power and Justice and might, with all and everything and nothing.
但只要還沒有神的理想，這一切就仍是偶像崇拜。只要對有限的理想懷有奉獻，就仍是偶像崇拜；而只要人尚未從偶像崇拜中斷離、轉向無限的理想，他就尚未抵達最高目標。那個理想以他的聖潔、良善、聖者之德吸引你、引出你的愛；然而隨後，愛本身湧現，並歸向那無限。此時，人不會說：「我在神裡看見不公義，我在神裡看見不慈悲。」他在祂的慈悲與不慈悲之中看見祂、愛祂；在祂的力量、正義與威能之中看見祂、愛祂；在一切、在所有、在空無之中都看見祂、愛祂。
When that is reached then this highest goal of attainment is reached; then man is perfect.
當此境被抵達時，這成就的最高目標也就被達成了；此時，人便完滿了。